Introduction

The XC95144XL-10TQG100C is a Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD) manufactured by Xilinx, a leader in the field of programmable logic devices. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the device, including its key features, pinout details, and an explanation of its datasheet. Whether you’re an engineer considering this CPLD for your next project or a student learning about programmable logic, this guide will help you understand the capabilities and specifications of the XC95144XL-10TQG100C.

Overview of the XC95144XL-10TQG100C

The XC95144XL-10TQG100C is part of Xilinx’s XC9500XL family of CPLDs. It offers a balance of high performance, low power consumption, and a rich set of features, making it suitable for a wide range of applications in digital systems design.

Key Specifications:

• Logic Cells: 144
• Macrocells: 144
• I/O Pins: 81
• Package: TQFP-100 (TQG100)
• Speed Grade: -10 (10 ns pin-to-pin delay)
• Operating Voltage: 3.3V

Datasheet Analysis

The datasheet for the XC95144XL-10TQG100C provides detailed information about the device’s specifications, performance characteristics, and operating conditions. Let’s break down some of the key sections:

Absolute Maximum Ratings

This section outlines the extreme limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Key parameters include:

• Storage Temperature: -65°C to +150°C
• Ambient Temperature: -40°C to +85°C
• Supply Voltage (Vccint): -0.5V to +4.0V
• Supply Voltage (Vccio): -0.5V to +4.0V

It’s crucial to note that these are absolute maximum ratings, and the device should be operated within the recommended operating conditions for reliable performance.

Recommended Operating Conditions

These conditions specify the ranges within which the device is guaranteed to function correctly:

• Supply Voltage (Vccint): 3.3V ±5%
• Supply Voltage (Vccio): 3.3V ±5%
• Operating Temperature: 0°C to +70°C (Commercial) or -40°C to +85°C (Industrial)
• Input Voltage: 0V to Vccio

DC Characteristics

This section provides information about the device’s electrical characteristics under static conditions. Key parameters include:

• Input Leakage Current (IIL/IIH): ±10 µA max
• Output High Voltage (VOH): 2.4V min
• Output Low Voltage (VOL): 0.4V max
• Quiescent Supply Current (ICCQ): 100 µA typ, 500 µA max

AC Characteristics

AC characteristics describe the device’s dynamic performance. For the XC95144XL-10TQG100C, key timing parameters include:

• Pin-to-pin delay (tPD): 10 ns max
• Clock to Output (tCO): 6.5 ns max
• Setup Time (tSU): 5.0 ns min
• Hold Time (tH): 0 ns min
• Maximum Clock Frequency (fMAX): 178 MHz

These timing parameters are crucial for ensuring proper operation in high-speed digital systems.

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Pinout and Package Information

The XC95144XL-10TQG100C comes in a TQFP-100 package, which stands for Thin Quad Flat Pack with 100 pins. Understanding the pinout is essential for proper PCB design and interfacing with other components.

Pin Configuration:

• Total Pins: 100
• User I/O Pins: 81
• Dedicated Input Pins: 3 (including global clock)
• Power Pins (Vccint): 4
• Power Pins (Vccio): 4
• Ground Pins: 8

Key Pin Functions:

1. User I/O (Pin 1-81): These pins can be configured as inputs, outputs, or bidirectional pins based on the programmed logic.
2. GCK1, GCK2, GCK3 (Pins 91, 93, 95): Global clock inputs, which can be used to distribute clock signals throughout the device with minimal skew.
3. TCK, TMS, TDI, TDO (Pins 88, 87, 89, 90): JTAG interface pins for programming and debugging.
4. Vccint (Pins 14, 39, 64, 86): Core voltage supply pins (3.3V).
5. Vccio (Pins 20, 45, 70, 96): I/O bank voltage supply pins (3.3V).
6. GND (Pins 7, 32, 57, 82, 21, 46, 71, 97): Ground pins.

When designing a PCB layout, it’s crucial to place decoupling capacitors close to the Vccint and Vccio pins to ensure stable power supply and reduce noise.

Features Explained

The XC95144XL-10TQG100C offers a range of features that make it a versatile choice for many applications. Let’s explore some of these key features in detail:

1. FastCONNECT II Architecture

The XC95144XL uses Xilinx’s FastCONNECT II architecture, which provides a balance between speed and routability. This architecture includes:

• 144 macrocells organized into 9 function blocks
• High-speed, low-power CMOS technology
• Predictable pin-to-pin delays

The FastCONNECT II switch matrix allows any function block to drive any I/O pin, providing excellent flexibility in design.

2. In-System Programmability (ISP)

The device supports in-system programmability, allowing for:

• Programming and reprogramming directly in the target system
• Easy design updates and field upgrades
• Reduced time-to-market and development costs

ISP is achieved through the JTAG (IEEE 1149.1) interface, which uses the TCK, TMS, TDI, and TDO pins.

3. Power Management

The XC95144XL incorporates several power management features:

• Low static power consumption
• Programmable ground pin on unused I/Os
• Sleep mode for further power reduction

These features make the device suitable for power-sensitive applications.

4. I/O Features

The I/O pins of the XC95144XL offer several advanced features:

• Programmable slew rate control
• Optional pull-up resistors
• Hot-swap capability
• 3.3V to 5V tolerant inputs

These features provide flexibility in interfacing with various other devices and standards.

5. Security

To protect intellectual property, the XC95144XL includes:

• User-programmable security bit
• Permanent read protection option

Once enabled, these features prevent unauthorized reading or copying of the device configuration.

6. Wide Operating Conditions

The device is designed to operate reliably across a wide range of conditions:

• Commercial (0°C to +70°C) and industrial (-40°C to +85°C) temperature ranges
• 3.3V core and I/O voltage

This flexibility makes the XC95144XL suitable for various environmental conditions and applications.

Application Areas

The XC95144XL-10TQG100C is versatile and can be used in a wide range of applications, including:

1. Glue Logic: Interfacing between different digital components or bus standards.
2. State Machines: Implementing complex control logic and sequencing operations.
3. Address Decoding: Managing memory and peripheral addressing in microprocessor systems.
4. Protocol Bridging: Translating between different communication protocols.
5. I/O Expansion: Extending the I/O capabilities of microcontrollers or processors.
6. High-Speed Control Systems: Implementing fast control loops in industrial automation.

Programming and Development

To program the XC95144XL-10TQG100C, you’ll need:

1. Xilinx ISE WebPACK: Free software for designing with Xilinx CPLDs.
2. JTAG Programmer: Hardware to connect your computer to the CPLD for programming.

The development process typically involves:

1. Describing the desired logic in VHDL or Verilog
2. Synthesizing the design
3. Fitting the design to the CPLD architecture
4. Generating a programming file
5. Downloading the configuration to the device through the JTAG interface

Comparison with Other Xilinx CPLDs

The XC95144XL-10TQG100C sits in the middle of Xilinx’s XC9500XL family. Here’s how it compares to some other devices in the lineup:

Device	Logic Cells	Macrocells	User I/Os	Max. Frequency
XC9536XL	36	36	34	222 MHz
XC9572XL	72	72	52	208 MHz
XC95144XL	144	144	81	178 MHz
XC95288XL	288	288	192	166 MHz

The XC95144XL offers a good balance of resources and performance, making it suitable for medium-sized designs that require more logic than the smaller devices but don’t need the extensive resources of the larger ones.

Conclusion

The XC95144XL-10TQG100C is a versatile and powerful CPLD that offers a good balance of performance, power efficiency, and features. Its 144 macrocells, 81 user I/O pins, and fast pin-to-pin delays make it suitable for a wide range of digital design applications.

Key advantages include:

• In-System Programmability for easy updates
• Low power consumption with sleep mode
• Flexible I/O features for easy integration
• Robust security options to protect designs

When considering the XC95144XL-10TQG100C for your project, be sure to carefully review the datasheet and consider factors such as logic resource requirements, I/O count, speed requirements, and power constraints. With its combination of features and performance, this CPLD can be an excellent choice for many medium-complexity digital designs.

As with any complex electronic component, proper PCB design practices, including careful attention to power supply decoupling and signal integrity, are crucial for achieving optimal performance from the XC95144XL-10TQG100C.